The Long Weekend Mind-Soak
The Market Ticker ® - Commentary on The Capital Markets
Posted 2012-02-19 15:20
by Karl Denninger
in Editorial
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The Long Weekend Mind-Soak
 

As this is Buffoon's Day Weekend (otherwise known as "President's Day") and tomorrow the markets are closed, it is time for something that will require contemplation.

Pull up a chair or turn on the hottub and take this in; it may require more than one sitting.

We shall start with what I call the "3% Solution."  This is the premise that Ben Bernanke loves to run.  He of course argues that it's a 2% solution, but it rarely is.  I am speaking of the intentional inflation that he fosters through the monetary system, an inflation that under the black-letter law of The Federal Reserve Act is a violation, albeit one without a penalty clause.  As such he can do as he will, since this "law" has the same import as does a "law" against bank robbery with no penalty attached (the line for robbery stretches out the door and down the block in such an instance, of course.)

I'm going to pick on 110 years as my time frame.  This is not an accident, of course; 100 years is approximately the age of the Federal Reserve, and the next 10 are the ones in which we will either stop this or perish as a nation.

We shall start with the following graph:

This is a two-axis graph showing the purchasing power of a dollar, starting at 100% in 1913 and declining to where it will be in 2023.  The right axis is the price index.  100% is, of course, what you start with.  By 2023 the price index will reach 2,500%, or 25 times what it was in 1913.

Of note is where we are now.  At 100 years we have 5.4% of our original purchasing power per unit of currency left, and the price index is 1,870%, or 18.7 times the 1913 value.    This means that over the next ten years we will suffer a combined inflation of 34%, which is of course reflected in the decline of the value of the currency.

It is rather instructive to look back just 10 years to see how badly you have been screwed.  10 years previous (2002) the price index stood at 13.9 times.  Going to 25 times is nearly a clean double, while the currency value will go from 7.2% of it's 1913 valuation to 4.0%, nearly a clean halving.

If you wonder how 3% can "possibly hurt you", it should now be apparent.

But the real scam is not found here.  It is found in the moneysmith game of lending against nothing.  This is how bubbles occur -- every single bubble throughout history, in fact, has come about through this mechanism.  The common screed, promulgated by politicians, is that this is an "accident" or "foolish gambling." 

Nothing could be further from the truth.  These are, and always have been, acts of intention and thus criminal fraud.

Let's do an exercise and you should understand how the game is played.

First, let's assume that an economy produces 10,000 units of output.  We can denominate them in dollars, quatloos, zotlys, tally sticks, man-hours of labor or odd stones of yap.  It doesn't matter what the denomination is, only that we have some means to measure it.

Now let's assume that you have a grand idea for a new business.  But you were not frugal, and never laid back any sort of economic surplus (savings, that is) to fund this new venture.  Instead, you wish to borrow someone else's capital.

They agree to lend it at a rate of interest.

But wait a second.... unless your new innovation causes the total economy to expand, such that there are more units of output than there were before sufficient to pay the interest, you must eventually go bankrupt!  The reason should be obvious -- there is no output to cover your borrowing expense and you had no surplus to start with. In other words, unless your new innovation expands economic opportunity as a whole it cannot succeed.

The moneysmiths know this, of course, as do you if you think about it. 

Now here's the problem in stark relief -- over the last 30 years we have never produced enough to pay down the debt in the system as a whole.

See that nice red line?  It is always over the blue line since 1980, with one exception -- the crash we're in now.  That's the annualized rate of change in both GDP and the outstanding total debt in the system.  It is the cause of the bubbles.  And it is a massive, pernicious and outrageous fraud.

Private banks do not have the right to emit United States Dollars with the intent of creating debts they know will not be paid, but they have.  For 30 years they have in fact done this on an unbroken basis.  On balance, with the exception of a short period in the early 1970s when credit and GDP tracked almost-perfectly, they have done so continually since 1953, which is as far back as we have accurate information.

You can look at the imbalance a different way if you want, on a quarterly basis.  I've presented this chart many times in the past.

This is the gross addition of both GDP and Debt in the economy on a per-quarter basis.  You'll note that the alleged "recessions" from 1980 forward never actually happened -- that is, not once was there an actual drop below zero in net GDP change until 2008!

An updated copy including the last couple of quarters is here:

Notice that we are again putting on more debt than we are GDP.

In 2007 for every dollar of economic expansion we added six dollars of new debt.  This debt -- credit to someone, who then went out and spent it -- was exactly fungible with actual money.

A "mistake" or "exuberance"?  No.  This is criminal fraud and counterfeiting.  This "lending" was not taking place predicated on actual value of collateral (that is, against assets) it was predicated on literally nothing -- a promise to produce six times as much tomorrow as what was produced today!

If we assume that this was on ordinary commercial terms and over a 10 year span at a zero interest rate then the only way this bet could pay was if the actual GDP growth in the economy was 20% per year, compounded over the entire ten year period without any recessions.

The highest rate of GDP annualized growth ever posted since 1953 is approximately 12% in the early 1970s, when debt increases were running almost identical to that value.  Inflation in 1974 was 11%, in 1975 9.1%, and then from 1979-1981 around 11-12% again, which incidentally was the other time we had similar "GDP Growth." 

Why would any financial institution engage in a practice that they knew had to lead to ruinous losses? 

They wouldn't, and they didn't.

Instead they put together these hinky "securities" so that all the banks would have to do is skim off a piece of the action and someone else would take the loss.  But that doesn't work either if you're honest -- if you actually tell people that what they're buying is crap because it cannot possibly be paid as agreed predicated on 100 years of history then they won't buy at all!

There only way you can get people to buy into these schemes, whether they be the Internet Bubble or the Housing Bubble, is to lie. 

When you lie about a financial matter for the express purpose of inducing someone to enter into a transaction they would not otherwise it is not a mistake, it is a criminal fraud.

It gets better, of course.  All this credit didn't exist!  That is, there simply wasn't enough money in the world to pledge against these loans.  The banks literally created it out of thin air, a right that is supposed to be reserved to Congress under Article 1, Section 8.  This creation of "credit money" out of nothing, backed by nothing, is the essence of counterfeiting exactly as it is if I put blank linen paper in my printer and run off a wad of Benjamins.

Do we need "100% Reserve" banking?  Technically, no.  But we do need one dollar of capital.  That is, there's nothing particularly wrong with lending against an asset that is fairly value at the market price, even though it "creates credit", because if payment is not forthcoming there is no loss; the collateral is seized and sold, resulting in the borrower's bankruptcy (which is what should happen, since he borrowed imprudently.)  Without this ability ordinary self-liquidating trade credit such as a letter of credit in international trade, a common commercial transaction that presents no counterfeiting risk, would be impossible.

But lending in the general sense on a fractional basis is an invitation to fraud and theft.  Glass-Steagall attempted to prevent this by separating the securities function from depository institutions.  The reason Glass-Steagall was undertaken was that in the 1920s the very same thing that happened this time -- fraudulent misrepresentation of credit quality and underwriting -- happened then.  The consequence when the frauds were uncovered was mass bank failures and, since the government did not "bail out" the banks who committed these frauds and there was no FDIC depositors lost money they had not intended to put at risk, nor did they believe was at risk.

There is no way to "restore" the housing "values" that were present in the 2006 time frame as that "value" never actually existed.  It was a lie and in fact the economic "progress" from 1980 forward never really happened -- it was all bought with credit money putting forward the illusion of demand that did not actually exist.

All of the politicians in the current election cycle at the Presidential level except one (Bill Still) are invested heavily in you not coming to realize this fact.  If you do understand it, and a short period of time with the data and Excel will inevitably lead you to this conclusion unless you are either drunk or worse, you then will understand that none of their policy prescriptions can possibly work, as all of them are predicated on the continuation of a mathematical impossibility.

All -- literally all -- of the economic imbalances stem from this underlying and basic fraud.  Trade imbalances.  The Internet and Housing Bubbles.  The offshoring of millions of American jobs and destruction of the middle class.  Medical cost inflation.  Higher education cost inflation.  All of it is caused, at its root, by one thing -- deficit spending by governments and, via fraudulent credit creation, by people.

I wish there was a clean way out of this without acceptance of the very significant and immediate economic pain that our nation -- and indeed the world -- has to undergo.

There isn't.

And if you support a candidate for Federal Office who doesn't "get" this, and who refuses to deal with this singular issue, the rest of what you are basing your support upon simply does not matter, as our nation is fiscally doomed.

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User Info The Long Weekend Mind-Soak in forum [Market-Ticker]
Jal
Posts: 512
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I get it!
"It is rather instructive to look back just 10 years to see how badly you have been screwed"

Now... I'm afraid to ask ...

Look ahead 10 years to see how badly we will be screwed.

Your chart show bad bad times ahead.

Is there any way that it can be changed?
Truthseeker
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Not without some massive, temporary pain. But it will get worse and worse, the longer we put it off...

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"...But people better realize that the worst-case scenario could actually happen.9/11 happened. This can happen. An economic 9/11, the likes of which we've never seen." Gerald Celente
Seaterk
Posts: 174
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I get it but the problem is, IT DOES NOT MATTER! And it won't until it's too late to do anything about it (probably already is too late) because 98% of the people in western societies don't want to hear about it. As long as they get their government handouts and have American idol or some other piece of trash show to keep them entertained they'll be happy as clams. Hell most of them don't have any savings so they don't worry about Ben's 3% bite although they are starting to notice the food and gas prices since those are going up at around 10-25% per year so it's hard to hide that. But I know the solution that they'll demand ... more government! Yes, they'll turn to the government that has convinced them that they deserve cradle to grave care and demand that the ones that robbed them of their future rob them some more so that they can get a few more freebies.

It's almost like ancient Rome towards the end, the producers were taxed into poverty in order to keep the free beard and circuses going for all the welfare leeches. So much so that eventually the producers either pulled up stakes and left or joined the leeches. Come to think of it the Roman coins went from almost pure silver to around 1% silver so currency devaluation is nothing new. We'll end the same way or somewhat, we'll look like Detroit only worse. Personally I'm hoping that when things get that bad that Mexico will take back the Southwest so that at least I'll have some hope for a better future!
Jal
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How can the 01.00% possibly generate enough cash flow from the 99%, (raising prices), to keep from accelerating their own demise.

smiley
Mannfm11
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It is the surety of the money itself that is the fraud. I think the dollar capital for dollar risk is in essence an abandonment of the credit banking system. The real problem is chartered banks and their associated good old boys monopoly are an endowment of a title of nobility, specifically prohibited by the constitution. According to Murray Rothbard, credit banking wasn't even legitimized until the 1850, when law in Britain was passed and judges were pretty much installed or bribed. The making available of money that doesn't exist at interest, if carried on long enough, established an equation that has no mathematical solution. Eventually the 1% own all the bank balances and the 99% owe the debt. The equation requires the 99% acquire the bank balances in order to extinguish the debt. Thus the debit side of the bank ledger is in reality a fiction. The perpetuation of such a scheme can only reduce middle class demand and lead to the inflation of assets, as the only alternative to holding bank balances.

Thus we aren't even dealing with entities that have a reputation of honesty, but instead mass market appeal, government guarantees and little else. The removal of deposit insurance or the reduction of insurance coupled with the requirement of depositors to recapitalize the losses of banks, enforced by proper valuation of debts on the debit ledger would serve to remove the moral hazard and reinstate legitiimate control of lending in the system. In no way could banks leverage themselves, extract massive management bonuses and continue in business, as they have today. Depositor discipline would enforce a good bit of lending control. Banks would have to carry more capital in order to discourage runs. Most middle class people would keep their money at home. Of course, you would have to get rid of the chief enabler of bank fraud, the Federal Reserve.

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The only function of economic forecasting is to make astrology look respectable.---John Kenneth Galbraith
Genesis
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I advocate keeping deposit insurance for one reason only -- government malfeasance.

Prompt Corrective Action, if actually enforced, prevents all depositor losses. It is impossible for a bank to remain open in negative equity unless the government refuses to follow its own law.

Well, how do you prevent THAT? You don't, which is why we can't get rid of the FDIC.

One Dollar of Capital prevents this crap. You can lend against asset values on a mark-to-market basis, which is necessary for things like international trade and has no inflationary or credit-bubble possibility.

But if you cannot conjure alleged value out of nothing then the games cannot happen, and if you put people in prison when they break this law, the bubbles cannot take root.

Glass-Stagall kept the system safe for 50 years, until the advent of computerization made "slice-n-dice" model-based securities possible. That was then used to circumvent the law.

One Dollar of Capital is Glass-Stegall without loopholes.

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I don't care if it makes sense -- only if it makes money. -- Me
Bank (n): See scam, fraud and theft. Eat a bankster -- they're low-carb.
What part of "shall not be infringed" was unclear?

Mrbill
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Quote:
Private banks do not have the right to emit United States Dollars with the intent of creating debts they know will not be paid, but they have.


I'm trying to grasp how this happens, because they don't actually print dollars.

It seems that they are allowed to claim as assets on their balance sheet these debts that they know will not actually pay off as valued. Or that can be immediately redeemed for something of value if they go to the bank for their money.

The FDIC gives people comfort when in reality they are just as delusional as the rest of the system.
Throxxofvron
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Are books or publications NOT being 'printed' if they are being downloaded to an e-reader?
Do these materials NOT EXIST because they are not being generated via a mechanical process?

What is the fundamental difference?
NONE: the material is created/copied and disseminated electronically just as it is physically.

Adjust your concept of what 'printing' entails and the answer becomes entirely obvious.

The Commercial Banks DO Print Dollars out of thin air.
Electronic credits and green inked paper spend exactly the same.

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DIONYSUS: " Thou hast no knowledge of the life thou art leading; thy very existence is now a mystery to thee. " -from 'The Bacchantes' By Euripides “During times of universal deceit, telling the truth becomes a revolutionary act.” -George Orwell
Hapablap21
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Theres only one part of that i didnt get. What actually did happen during the recent alleged recessions? My guess is that credit contraction brought the sum negative, but its not clear to me from the chart.
Mayorquimby
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For those who want the short version, I've edited it down for your convenience:

Quote:
our nation is fiscally doomed

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They who wish to hurt you, work within the law.
- Morrissey

Gold is theft.
Genesis
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Quote:
Theres only one part of that i didnt get. What actually did happen during the recent alleged recessions? My guess is that credit contraction brought the sum negative, but its not clear to me from the chart.

The level of alleged "growth" went down to effective zero.

But as you can see from the actual numbers, it did not materially go negative.

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I don't care if it makes sense -- only if it makes money. -- Me
Bank (n): See scam, fraud and theft. Eat a bankster -- they're low-carb.
What part of "shall not be infringed" was unclear?
Thesev
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Sent it out again. Though I doubt it will do any good.

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The reason the republic isn't working is that it's being run as a democracy.

It doesn't matter who you are, or who you Think you are, the Math is Going to Win.
Striped-pad
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Karl Denninger wrote..
But lending in the general sense on a fractional basis is an invitation to fraud and theft.

Yes, lending on a fractional basis purely on the basis of promises to repay is certainly an invitation to fraud and theft, and I see how 'one dollar of capital' solves the problem. I have a question though. If there is a reasonable certainty that, say, significantly more than 50% of loans backed purely by promises will be repaid, isn't there an argument to say that 2:1 leverage on unsecured loans is reasonable? The insurance industry is always on the point of insolvency because in principle everyone could crash their car tomorrow. Couldn't banks use some "reasonable" level of leverage to allow credit creation beyond assets which have already been produced? Any nation which allowed this, and strictly enforced the limits, would have a competitive advantage over a 'one dollar of capital' country wouldn't it? Or maybe that's just asking for all the same problems as we have now.

Karl Denninger wrote..
The reason Glass-Steagall was undertaken was that in the 1920s the very same thing that happened this time -- fraudulent misrepresentation of credit quality and underwriting -- happened then. The consequence when the frauds were uncovered was mass bank failures and, since the government did not "bail out" the banks who committed these frauds and there was no FDIC depositors lost money they had not intended to put at risk, nor did they believe was at risk.

Annoyingly, the only way not to put money at risk of commercial bank failure in the UK at the moment is to keep cash. I imagine that's true in most places. It used to be possible for individuals to have a current account at the Bank of England, but that was phased out a few years ago. (I wonder how significant that timing is...). In fact, the Bank of England migrated just about all of its customers to commercial banks, even including HMRC (equivalent of IRS), which went to Nat West. Yes, now our collected taxes in transit to the government are swelling the reserves of the Royal Bank of Scotland, which bought Nat West in 2000. So no foreseeable problems there then.

Of course, there isn't really a good way to avoid putting money at risk of central bank failure, which is getting more and more likely with every loan at 0.5% to a commercial bank and with every gilt purchase at 2% yield from a government with a $1.5 trillion debt in a nation with a population of about 60 million.

Reason: Fixed UK population
Genesis
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Quote:
I have a question though. If there is a reasonable certainty that, say, significantly more than 50% of loans backed purely by promises will be repaid, isn't there an argument to say that 2:1 leverage on unsecured loans is reasonable?

Ask the question the other way -- if these are such good loans why would someone NOT fund them with actual capital?

Hmmm...

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I don't care if it makes sense -- only if it makes money. -- Me
Bank (n): See scam, fraud and theft. Eat a bankster -- they're low-carb.
What part of "shall not be infringed" was unclear?
Striped-pad
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Genesis wrote..
Ask the question the other way -- if these are such good loans why would someone NOT fund them with actual capital?

To use the capital more efficiently. If a credit line has to be fully backed by capital, then when it's not being fully drawn down, the capital is sitting idle. Someone else could be using it to create wealth in the meantime.
Mrbill
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It can be used, it would just change ownership in the case of a default.
O.jeff
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We do not need the FDIC. We do not need bank regulators. We do not need capital compliance monitoring. We do not need the Federal Reserve.

We need to separate the "banking" functions into two separate types of institutions.

The "thin banks" will accept deposits and conduct transactions. They will literally warehouse your money. They never loan out your money to anyone. They will provide checking-writing services, debit, electronic payments, and electronic deposits, bank wires, ATMs, etc. Since they take NO credit risk, there is NO NEED for an FDIC. (They may purchase ordinary fire/business insurance.) These organization will likely charge fees for their services and for safekeeping your money. In the unlikely event that 100% of the depositors withdrew their money on the same day, this would be a non-event, as everyone would simply get their money back. No losses would occur. There may be a need for a network of banks to cooperate to process interbank transactions/payments.

The second type of institution is the LENDER. Lenders provide all commercial and personal loans, including home loans, credit card loans, and personal loans. LENDERS ARE NOT ALLOWED TO ACCEPT DEPOSITS! Just to be clear, lenders would NEVER have any type of "account" for accountholders that shows a positive dollar balance. They simply lend money. No checking/no savings. Lenders get their lending money in any number of ways. Google could become a lender by lending out its cash mountain. Or, a firm could have a public stock offering to gather funds for lending. There is, once again, no need for a central bank or for an FDIC. Since there are no depositors, there is no possibility of a depositor-initiated bank run. I am tempted to say that lenders may ONLY get their working capital through equity offering to fully prevent any possibility of short-term financing runs. But, really, since there are no depositors and there is no pathway for the tax payer to socialize these losses, then I may not require the equity-only system.

o.jeff
Poid
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"To use the capital more efficiently. If a credit line has to be fully backed by capital, then when it's not being fully drawn down, the capital is sitting idle. Someone else could be using it to create wealth in the meantime."

If a fee is being charged to have access to the credit line, you would not have large amounts sitting in unused credit lines unless there was an anticipated use.
Aliveh
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Question (just trying to anticipate where you'll be challenged):

when you compare adding X debt to create Y GDP - the GDP is recurring in perpetuity. So, hypothetically $2 of debt for $1 GDP may look like a bad deal if you just look at year 1, but the $1 GDP keeps recurring (and if government taxes 20% of it, gov will actually pay off the debt face value in 10 years and the face + service in about 15-20 yrs).

Now clearly, what we saw in the bubble years $4-6 of debt per $1 of GDP was out of control, but why isn't $1-2 of debt for $1 of RECURRING GDP a bad deal, given the payoff periods?

So, I think you're right in principle but you should refine your mathematics to take into account the recurring nature of GDP versus the 1x nature of debt addition.
Genesis
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Quote:
Now clearly, what we saw in the bubble years $4-6 of debt per $1 of GDP was out of control, but why isn't $1-2 of debt for $1 of RECURRING GDP a bad deal, given the payoff periods?

So, I think you're right in principle but you should refine your mathematics to take into account the recurring nature of GDP versus the 1x nature of debt addition.

Ah, grasshopper, this is only true provided the debt is some day paid off.

Otherwise it's definitely false, as you eventually wind up with every single bit of collateral pledged!

At that point it's a pure Ponzi scheme.

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I don't care if it makes sense -- only if it makes money. -- Me
Bank (n): See scam, fraud and theft. Eat a bankster -- they're low-carb.
What part of "shall not be infringed" was unclear?
Aliveh
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If I can borrow at 5% and reliably earn 10-20%, I don't need to de-lever...I can just roll the profits into increasing the unencumbered equity that can be pledged to take on more debt that earns 10-20%.

Some counter-arguments - "reliably" - gov can't do this reliably, even though they like to think they can. Another key is that the official debt numbers don't capture all the other unfunded liabilities pledged via public & private pensions, etc. Another key is that correlation doesn't equal causality - we don't know whether or how much GDP would have grown without the debt addition; indeed in certain periods of time as you point out GDP grew when debt went down.

But your opponents are sure to point out this pretty obvious flaw in the argument that $1 of additional one-time debt must generate >$1 of recurrring GDP to be worthwhile.

Jstanley01
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Aliveh wrote..
But your opponents are sure to point out this pretty obvious flaw in the argument that $1 of additional one-time debt must generate >$1 of recurrring GDP to be worthwhile.
I could be all wet, but it seems to me that at the macro level debt is not "one-time." And that in the overall economy, outstanding debt "recurs" just as much as GDP does because of it's on-going dollar-for-dollar claim against whatever assets the economy produces.

Of course debt will amortize at the micro level, but if overall debt remains level over a year's time, that means on the macro level that those dollar-for-dollar claims are being rolled over at a 100 percent rate as they mature. If debt grows, 100 percent are being rolled over plus new claims against production are being added. If debt shrinks, less than 100 percent are being rolled over.

That's why in a macro view every dollar of debt would have to be producing at a marginal rate of one dollar of GDP plus interest. Otherwise the spread between debt and GDP flies to the moon, like we have been seeing.

At any rate it looks to me like, somehow or other, calculations that are true enough at the micro level are being misapplied at the marco level, where they cannot work.

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You can't cheat an honest man. ~P.T. Barnum

Genesis
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Jstanley: Yep. That's the reality of it -- and further, as debt levels in absolute terms rise, so do transfers from producers to the "lenders."

This is where the real poison lies, because that carrying cost is off your top line and thus hits margins.

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I don't care if it makes sense -- only if it makes money. -- Me
Bank (n): See scam, fraud and theft. Eat a bankster -- they're low-carb.
What part of "shall not be infringed" was unclear?
Jcraig
Posts: 45
Incept: 2008-10-01

San Diego
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I have a question and excuse my ignorance, as my knowledge of fractional reserve banking is not 100%. So in your scenario of dollar for dollar capital, how does the money supply grow?
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