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National Emergency Powers
Federal law provides a variety of powers for the President to use in response to
crisis, exigency, or emergency circumstances threatening the nation. Moreover, they
are not limited to military or war situations. Some of these authorities, deriving from
the Constitution or statutory law, are continuously available to the President with
little or no qualification. Others — statutory delegations from Congress — exist on
a stand-by basis and remain dormant until the President formally declares a national
emergency. These delegations or grants of power authorize the President to meet the
problems of governing effectively in times of crisis. Under the powers delegated by
such statutes, the President may seize property, organize and control the means of
production, seize commodities, assign military forces abroad, institute martial law,
seize and control all transportation and communication, regulate the operation of
private enterprise, restrict travel, and, in a variety of ways, control the lives of United
States citizens. Furthermore, Congress may modify, rescind, or render dormant such
delegated emergency authority.

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Presidential Emergency Powers«
I. Powers over Persons:

A. Confine any individual deemed a threat to national security;

B. Restrict travel to or from U. S.;

C. Restrict access to U.S. citizenship;

D. Restrict movement of individuals within and over the U.S.;

E. Require certain individuals to register with the government

F. Restrict freedom of association;

1. prevent individuals deemed a threat to national security from certain employment opportunities;

2. remove federal employees deemed threat to national security;

G. Suspend Habeas Corpus;

H. Declare martial law;

I. assign armed forces "to assist in military mattes in any foreign country."
II. Powers over the Control and Regulation of Property:

A. Order the stockpiling of certain strategic materials;

B. Impose restrictions on the export of U.S. goods;

C. Authorized to allocate materials in ways he thinks necessary in order to promote the national defense;

D. can require industries to give priority to government contracts and seize by any means necessary those industries that fail to comply;

E. Fix wages and prices.
III. Powers over Communication:

A. In carrying out his reporting obligations to Congress, the president may withhold information he deems damaging to the national security;

B. If he concludes that the nation is under threat of attack, he may refrain from publishing his regulations in the Federal Register;

C. During war or threat of war he may establish procedures for censoring mail, cable, radio, or other means of communication between the U.S. and any foreign country;

D. Can require those engaging in propaganda activities on behalf of foreign governments to register with the U.S. government.
IV. Termination of Existing National Emergencies:

A. Terminates two years from the date of enactment of this act emergency powers and authorities possessed by the president or any other federal officer or executive agency that were still in effect as a result of previously declared emergencies.
V. Declaration and Termination of Future National Emergencies:

A. All future national emergencies declared by the president can be terminated by Congress through a concurrent resolution« « or by presidential proclamation

B. Not later than six months after an emergency has been declared, and not later than the end of each six-mont period thereafter, Congress shall be required to consider whether the emergency shall be terminated;

C. If the president has declared a national emergency, and if it has not been terminated at the end of one year unless the president informs Congress that it is sill in effect.
VI. Procedures Relating to the Use of Emergency Powers:

A. Then the president declares a national emergency, he must specify to Congress the provisions of the law under which he will act;

B. The president and all federal agencies shall keep and report to Congress a record of all rules and regulations issued during the emergency. The same applies to all expenditures for emergency actions.